JDBC更新结果集示例
以下是利用 ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE 和 ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE 的结果集在线教程中描述的例子。这个例子可以解释 INSERT,UPDATE 和 DELETE 对表操作。
应该注意的是,工作的表上应该有主键设置正确。
基于对环境和数据库安装在前面的章节中已解释过,在这里我们使用前面的代码。
复制下面的例子中JDBCExample.java,编译并运行,如下所示:
//STEP 1. Import required packages import java.sql.*; public class JDBCExample { // JDBC driver name and database URL static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"; static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/EMP"; // Database credentials static final String USER = "username"; static final String PASS = "password"; public static void main(String[] args) { Connection conn = null; try{ //STEP 2: Register JDBC driver Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); //STEP 3: Open a connection System.out.println("Connecting to database..."); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER,PASS); //STEP 4: Execute a query to create statment with // required arguments for RS example. System.out.println("Creating statement..."); Statement stmt = conn.createStatement( ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE); //STEP 5: Execute a query String sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Employees"; ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql); System.out.println("List result set for reference...."); printRs(rs); //STEP 6: Loop through result set and add 5 in age //Move to BFR postion so while-loop works properly rs.beforeFirst(); //STEP 7: Extract data from result set while(rs.next()){ //Retrieve by column name int newAge = rs.getInt("age") + 5; rs.updateDouble( "age", newAge ); rs.updateRow(); } System.out.println("List result set showing new ages..."); printRs(rs); // Insert a record into the table. //Move to insert row and add column data with updateXXX() System.out.println("Inserting a new record..."); rs.moveToInsertRow(); rs.updateInt("id",104); rs.updateString("first","John"); rs.updateString("last","Paul"); rs.updateInt("age",40); //Commit row rs.insertRow(); System.out.println("List result set showing new set..."); printRs(rs); // Delete second record from the table. // Set position to second record first rs.absolute( 2 ); System.out.println("List the record before deleting..."); //Retrieve by column name int id = rs.getInt("id"); int age = rs.getInt("age"); String first = rs.getString("first"); String last = rs.getString("last"); //Display values System.out.print("ID: " + id); System.out.print(", Age: " + age); System.out.print(", First: " + first); System.out.println(", Last: " + last); //Delete row rs.deleteRow(); System.out.println("List result set after deleting one records..."); printRs(rs); //STEP 8: Clean-up environment rs.close(); stmt.close(); conn.close(); }catch(SQLException se){ //Handle errors for JDBC se.printStackTrace(); }catch(Exception e){ //Handle errors for Class.forName e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ //finally block used to close resources try{ if(conn!=null) conn.close(); }catch(SQLException se){ se.printStackTrace(); }//end finally try }//end try System.out.println("Goodbye!"); }//end main public static void printRs(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException{ //Ensure we start with first row rs.beforeFirst(); while(rs.next()){ //Retrieve by column name int id = rs.getInt("id"); int age = rs.getInt("age"); String first = rs.getString("first"); String last = rs.getString("last"); //Display values System.out.print("ID: " + id); System.out.print(", Age: " + age); System.out.print(", First: " + first); System.out.println(", Last: " + last); } System.out.println(); }//end printRs() }//end JDBCExample
现在编译上面的例子如下:
C:>javac JDBCExample.java C:>
当运行JDBCExample,它会产生以下结果:
C:>java JDBCExample Connecting to database... Creating statement... List result set for reference.... ID: 100, Age: 33, First: Zara, Last: Ali ID: 101, Age: 40, First: Mahnaz, Last: Fatma ID: 102, Age: 50, First: Zaid, Last: Khan ID: 103, Age: 45, First: Sumit, Last: Mittal List result set showing new ages... ID: 100, Age: 38, First: Zara, Last: Ali ID: 101, Age: 45, First: Mahnaz, Last: Fatma ID: 102, Age: 55, First: Zaid, Last: Khan ID: 103, Age: 50, First: Sumit, Last: Mittal Inserting a new record... List result set showing new set... ID: 100, Age: 38, First: Zara, Last: Ali ID: 101, Age: 45, First: Mahnaz, Last: Fatma ID: 102, Age: 55, First: Zaid, Last: Khan ID: 103, Age: 50, First: Sumit, Last: Mittal ID: 104, Age: 40, First: John, Last: Paul List the record before deleting... ID: 101, Age: 45, First: Mahnaz, Last: Fatma List result set after deleting one records... ID: 100, Age: 38, First: Zara, Last: Ali ID: 102, Age: 55, First: Zaid, Last: Khan ID: 103, Age: 50, First: Sumit, Last: Mittal ID: 104, Age: 40, First: John, Last: Paul Goodbye! C:>