Android MediaPlayer(多媒体播放)
Android提供了许多方法来控制播放的音频/视频文件和流。其中该方法是通过一类称为MediaPlayer。
Android是提供MediaPlayer类访问内置的媒体播放器的服务，如播放音频，视频等为了使用MediaPlayer，我们要调用这个类的静态create() 方法。此方法返回MediaPlayer类的一个实例。它的语法如下：
MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.song);
第二个参数是要播放的歌曲的名字。必须做出一个新的文件夹下的项目名称为raw，然后将音乐文件转换成它。
创建了MediaPlayer对象之后，可以调用一些方法来启动或停止音乐。这些方法在下面列出。
mediaPlayer.start(); mediaPlayer.pause();
在调用start()方法时，音乐将从头开始播放。如果此方法是pause() 方法之后再次调用时，音乐将开始从那里被停住，而不是从头开始播放。
要从一开始启动音乐，必须调用 reset()方法。其语法如下给出：
mediaPlayer.reset();
除了start和pause方法，有用于与音频/视频文件更好处理提供的此类其他方法。这些方法如下：
| Sr.No | 方法及说明 |
|---|---|
| 1 |
isPlaying() 这个方法只是返回真/假，表示是否正在播放歌曲 |
| 2 |
seekTo(positon) 此方法采用的整数和移动的歌曲，以特定的秒 |
| 3 |
getCurrentDuration() 这个方法返回歌曲以毫秒为单位的当前位置 |
| 4 |
getDuration() 这个方法返回歌曲以毫秒为单位的总持续时间 |
| 5 |
reset() 此方法重置媒体播放器 |
| 6 |
release() 此方法释放附MediaPlayer对象的任何资源 |
| 7 |
setVolume(float leftVolume, float rightVolume) 此方法设置了上下这个播放器音量 |
| 8 |
setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd) 此方法设置音频/视频文件的数据源 |
| 9 |
selectTrack(int index) 此方法采用的整数，并选择该特定索引从列表中的轨道 |
| 10 |
getTrackInfo() 这个方法返回轨道信息的数组 |
例子
这里有一个例子演示如何使用的MediaPlayer类。它创建了一个基本的媒体播放器，可以前进，后退，播放和暂停播放歌曲。
为了试验这个例子，需要一个实际的设备上运行这听听声音。
| Steps | 描述 |
|---|---|
| 1 | You will use Eclipse IDE to create an Android application and name it as MediaPlayer under a package com.yiibai.mediaplayer. While creating this project, make sure you Target SDK and Compile With at the latest version of Android SDK to use higher levels of APIs. |
| 2 | Modify src/MainActivity.java file to add MediaPlayer code. |
| 3 | Modify the res/layout/activity_main to add respective XML components |
| 4 | Modify the res/values/string.xml to add necessary string components |
| 5 | Create a new folder under MediaPlayer with name as raw and place an mp3 music file in it with name as song.mp3 |
| 6 | Run the application and choose a running android device and install the application on it and verify the results |
Following is the content of the modifed main activity filesrc/com.yiibai.mediaplayer/MainActivity.java.
package com.example.mediaplayer; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import android.media.MediaPlayer; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.app.Activity; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.ImageButton; import android.widget.SeekBar; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { public TextView songName,startTimeField,endTimeField; private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer; private double startTime = 0; private double finalTime = 0; private Handler myHandler = new Handler();; private int forwardTime = 5000; private int backwardTime = 5000; private SeekBar seekbar; private ImageButton playButton,pauseButton; public static int oneTimeOnly = 0; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); songName = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView4); startTimeField =(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1); endTimeField =(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView2); seekbar = (SeekBar)findViewById(R.id.seekBar1); playButton = (ImageButton)findViewById(R.id.imageButton1); pauseButton = (ImageButton)findViewById(R.id.imageButton2); songName.setText("song.mp3"); mediaPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.song); seekbar.setClickable(false); pauseButton.setEnabled(false); } public void play(View view){ Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Playing sound", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); mediaPlayer.start(); finalTime = mediaPlayer.getDuration(); startTime = mediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition(); if(oneTimeOnly == 0){ seekbar.setMax((int) finalTime); oneTimeOnly = 1; } endTimeField.setText(String.format("%d min, %d sec", TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes((long) finalTime), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds((long) finalTime) - TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS. toMinutes((long) finalTime))) ); startTimeField.setText(String.format("%d min, %d sec", TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes((long) startTime), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds((long) startTime) - TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS. toMinutes((long) startTime))) ); seekbar.setProgress((int)startTime); myHandler.postDelayed(UpdateSongTime,100); pauseButton.setEnabled(true); playButton.setEnabled(false); } private Runnable UpdateSongTime = new Runnable() { public void run() { startTime = mediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition(); startTimeField.setText(String.format("%d min, %d sec", TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes((long) startTime), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds((long) startTime) - TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS. toMinutes((long) startTime))) ); seekbar.setProgress((int)startTime); myHandler.postDelayed(this, 100); } }; public void pause(View view){ Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Pausing sound", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); mediaPlayer.pause(); pauseButton.setEnabled(false); playButton.setEnabled(true); } public void forward(View view){ int temp = (int)startTime; if((temp+forwardTime)<=finalTime){ startTime = startTime + forwardTime; mediaPlayer.seekTo((int) startTime); } else{ Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Cannot jump forward 5 seconds", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } public void rewind(View view){ int temp = (int)startTime; if((temp-backwardTime)>0){ startTime = startTime - backwardTime; mediaPlayer.seekTo((int) startTime); } else{ Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Cannot jump backward 5 seconds", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } }
Following is the modified content of the xml res/layout/activity_main.xml.
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity" > <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton3" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_marginBottom="14dp" android:onClick="forward" android:src="@android:drawable/ic_media_ff" /> <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton4" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/imageButton2" android:layout_marginLeft="22dp" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/imageButton2" android:onClick="rewind" android:src="@android:drawable/ic_media_rew" /> <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/imageButton1" android:layout_marginLeft="14dp" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/imageButton1" android:onClick="pause" android:src="@android:drawable/ic_media_pause" /> <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/imageButton3" android:layout_marginLeft="24dp" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/imageButton3" android:onClick="play" android:src="@android:drawable/ic_media_play" /> <SeekBar android:id="@+id/seekBar1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_above="@+id/imageButton3" android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/textView2" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textView1" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/imageButton3" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/seekBar1" android:text="@string/inital_Time" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageButton4" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/seekBar1" android:text="@string/inital_Time" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView3" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageButton3" android:text="@string/hello_world" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/imageView1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_below="@+id/textView3" android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView4" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/textView3" android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/textView3" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/imageButton1" android:text="TextView" /> </RelativeLayout>
Following is the content of the res/values/string.xml.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="app_name">MediaPlayer</string> <string name="action_settings">Settings</string> <string name="hello_world">Now Playing:</string> <string name="inital_Time">0 min, 0 sec</string> </resources>
Following is the content of AndroidManifest.xml file.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.yiibai.mediaplayer" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="17" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name="com.yiibai.mediaplayer.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
Let's try to run your MediaPlayer application. I assume you have connected your actual Android Mobile device with your computer. To run the app from Eclipse, open one of your project's activity files and click Run 
icon from the toolbar. Before starting your application, Eclipse will display following window to select an option where you want to run your Android application.
Select your mobile device as an option and then check your mobile device which will display your default screen:
By default you would see the pause button disabled. Now press play button and it would become disable and pause button become enable. It is shown in the picture below:
Uptill now , the music has been playing. Now press the pause button and see the pause notification. This is shown below:
Now when you press the play button again, the song will not play from the begining but from where it was paused. Now press the fast forwad or backward button to jump the song forward or backward 5 seconds. A time came when the song cannot be jump forward. At this yiibai , the notification would appear which would be something like this:
Your music would remain playing in the background while you are doing other tasks in your mobile. In order to stop it , you have to exit this application from background activities.
